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Perennials
Native to James City County, New Kent and Charles
City |
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|
S = spring
SM
= summer
F = fall
E = early
L = late |
W =
wet (near water)
M =
moist
D =
dry
DT =
drought tolerant
|
SU = full sun
SH = shade
PS = partial shade |
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Scientific Name |
Common Name |
Flower Color |
Bloom Time |
Soil |
Light |
Plant Height |
Riparian Zones |
Comments |
VA Wildflower of the YEAR |
|
Amsonia tabernaemontana |
blue star |
Pale Blue |
S |
M, DT |
SU |
3' |
3-4 |
tolerates clay, good for slope |
|
|
Aquilegia canadensis |
columbine |
red & yellow |
S |
M |
PS-SH |
1-2' |
4 |
calcareous |
1998 WF |
|
Asarum canadense |
wild ginger |
brownish purple |
S |
M |
PS-SH |
.5' |
4 |
calcareous, ground cover |
|
|
Asclepias incarnata |
swamp milkweed |
purple, pink |
SM |
W-M |
PS-SU |
4-6' |
1-2 |
|
|
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Asclepias syriaca |
common milkweed |
Pink, Purple |
SM |
D-M, DT |
SU |
3-6' |
3-4 |
|
|
|
Asclepias tuberosa |
butterfly weed |
Orange |
SM |
D, DT |
SU-PS |
1-3' |
4 |
Deer Resistant, good for slope |
1992 WF |
|
Baptisia australis |
blue false indigo |
Blue |
S |
M, DT |
SU-PS |
3'-5' |
3-4 |
not native in JC, NK, CC |
|
|
Baptisia tinctoria |
yellow wild indigo |
Yellow |
S |
D |
SU |
1-3' |
4 |
tolerates poor soil |
|
|
Boltonia asteroides |
white doll daisy, false aster |
White, Lavendar |
SM |
M |
SU |
.5' - 2’ |
1-3 |
|
|
|
Chamaecrista fasciculata (Cassia fasciculata) |
partidge pea |
yellow |
SM |
M |
SU |
.5'-1' |
4 |
aggressive, good for slope near water |
|
|
Chelone glabra |
white turtlehead |
White |
SM |
M-W |
SU-PS |
1.5-6' |
2-3 |
|
|
|
Chrysogonum virginianum |
green & gold |
yellow |
S |
M |
SU-SH |
.5-1' |
4 |
ground cover |
|
|
Chrysopsis mariana |
Maryland golden aster |
yellow |
SM-F |
D |
SU |
.5-2' |
4 |
ground cover |
|
|
Conoclinium coelestinum
(Eupatorium coelestinum) |
mistflower, wild ageratum |
Blue, lavender |
L SM |
D-W |
PS-SH |
1'-3’ |
3-4 |
|
|
|
Coreopsis lanceolata |
lanceleaf coreopsis |
yellow |
SM |
D, DT |
SU |
|
4 |
|
|
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Coreopsis tripteris |
tall coreopsis |
yellow |
SM |
D-M |
SU-PS |
3.5'-10' |
2-4 |
|
|
|
Coreopsis verticillata |
threadleft coreopsis |
yellow |
SM |
D-M, DT |
SU-PS |
.5'-3' |
4 |
Back to Top |
|
|
Coreopsis auriculata |
lobed tickseed |
Golden Orange |
L S |
M |
SU |
0.5'-2' |
4 |
|
|
|
Echinacea sp
(E. purpurea) |
coneflower (purple) |
White, Yellow, Pink-purple |
SM |
M-D |
SU-SH |
3’ |
3-4 |
not native to coastal VA |
|
|
Erigeron pulchellus |
robin's plantain |
blue, pink, white |
S-F |
D-M |
PS-SH |
0.5-1.5 |
4 |
calcareous |
|
Eupatorium fistulosum
Barratt
(Eupatoriadelphus fistulosus) |
Joe-pye weed, trumpetweed |
pink, purple |
SM |
D-W |
SU-PS |
1.5'-10' |
2-4 |
|
|
|
Eupatorium perfoliatum |
common boneset |
white |
SM |
M-W |
SU-PS |
1'-5' |
1-3 |
|
|
|
Eupatorium purpureum |
sweet-scented Joe-pye weed |
pink, purple |
SM |
M |
PS |
3-6' |
3-4 |
|
|
|
Gaillardia pulchella |
blanket flower |
Yellow, Burgundy |
SM |
D |
SU |
1-2' |
4 |
poor soil |
|
|
Gaultheria procumbens |
wintergreen, eastern teaberry |
white |
S |
D-M |
PS-SH |
.5' |
3-4 |
acid woods; red berries; ground cover |
|
|
Geranium maculatum |
wild geranium, spotted geranium |
lavender, pink |
S |
D-M |
SU-PS |
1'-2' |
4 |
spreads well, calcareous; ground cover |
|
|
Helenium autumnale |
sneezeweed |
Yellow |
F |
M |
SU-PS |
1.5'-6' |
1-3 |
|
|
|
Helianthus angustifolius |
narrow leaf (swamp) sunflower |
Yellow |
F |
M-W |
SU |
.5'-5' |
1-3 |
Back to Top |
|
|
Helianthus decapetalus |
ten-petal sunflower |
yellow |
|
M |
SU-PS |
|
3-4 |
|
|
|
Helianthus divaricatus |
woodland sunflower |
yellow |
L SM |
D-M |
PS-SH |
1.5'-6' |
4 |
dry open woods, wooded slopes |
|
|
Heliopsis helianthoides |
oxeye sunflower |
Yellow |
SM |
D-M |
SU-PS |
1'-5' |
4 |
fields, open woods |
|
|
Hepatica nobilis var. obtusa (H. americana) |
round-lobed hepatica |
white to lavender |
S |
Dry -M |
PS-SH |
.5'-2' |
4 |
dry or rocky woods, calcareous; ground cover |
|
|
Hibiscus moscheutos |
rose mallow |
pink or white |
SM |
W |
SU |
3'-6' |
1-2 |
along streams & in marshes |
|
|
Houstonia caerulea (Hedyotis caerulea) |
bluets, Quaker ladies |
Blue |
S |
M |
PS-SH |
3”-6" |
3-4 |
acid soil |
|
|
Iris versicolor |
blue flag |
blue |
S |
M-W |
SU-PS |
2'-3' |
1-2 |
wetlands, shores |
|
|
Iris virginica |
Virginia blue flag |
blue |
L S |
M-W |
SU-PS |
1'-3' |
1-2 |
|
|
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Kosteletzkya virginica |
seashore mallow |
pink |
L SM-F |
M-W |
SU |
1'-3' |
1-2 |
brackish, salt and fresh water |
2004 WF |
|
Liatris spicata |
blazing star |
blue, purple |
SM |
M |
SU-PS |
1'-6' |
3-4 |
not native to coastal VA |
|
|
Liatris graminifolia (L. pilosa) |
grass leaf blazing star |
Pink to Purple |
SM |
D-M |
SU-PS |
1-3' |
2-4 |
|
|
|
Lilium superbum |
Turk's cap lily |
Orange |
L SM |
M-W |
SU |
3-8' |
3-4 |
damp meadows, swamps |
|
|
Lobelia cardinalis |
cardinal flower |
red |
SM |
M-W |
SU-PS |
2'-4' |
1-3 |
don't mulch in winter |
1991 WF |
|
Lupinus perennis |
lupine |
blue |
L S |
D |
SU-PS |
1'-3' |
4 |
hard to grow |
|
|
Mertensia virginica |
Virginia bluebells |
pink-blue |
S |
M-W |
PS |
1'-2' |
3-4 |
not native to coastal VA |
1989 WF |
|
Mitchella repens |
partidge berry |
white |
S |
M |
SH |
.5' |
4 |
evergreen; ground cover; acid woods |
|
|
Monarda fistulosa |
wild bergamot |
red, lavender |
SM |
D-M |
PS-SH |
1-3' |
3-4 |
not native to coastal VA |
1993 WF |
|
Monarda punctata |
horse mint |
yellow, purple |
SM |
D |
SU |
1-3' |
|
|
|
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Oenothera fruticosa |
sundrops, narrowleaf evening primrose |
Yellow |
L S |
D-M |
SU |
1-3' |
1-4 |
|
|
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Opuntia humifusa |
eastern prickly-pear cactus |
yellow |
LS |
D, DT |
SU |
1' |
4 |
succulent |
|
|
Packera aurea (Senecio aureus ) |
golden ragwort |
Yellow |
S-SM |
M |
PS |
1-3' |
2-4 |
|
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Parthenium integrifolium |
wild quinine, American fever-few |
White |
SM |
D |
SU |
1-3’ |
4 |
Back to Top |
|
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Penstemon digitalis |
beard tongue |
White |
S |
D-M |
SU |
2-4’ |
|
not native to coastal VA |
|
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Phlox divaricata |
wild blue phlox |
blue, white |
S |
M-D |
PS-SH |
.5'-1.5' |
3-4 |
native in CC, NK, York Cos. |
|
|
Phlox paniculata |
summer/fall phlox |
pink, purple, white |
SM |
M |
SU-PS |
1.5'-6' |
3-4 |
Native in NK, York, JC Cos. |
|
|
Physostegia virginiana |
obedient plant |
White, Pink, Red |
SM |
D-M |
SU |
2-5’ |
4 |
Native in NK, York Cos. |
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Podophyllum peltatum |
mayapple |
white |
S |
M |
SH-PS |
1'-2' |
4 |
woods; ground cover |
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Polemonium reptans |
Jacob's Ladder |
blue |
S |
M |
PS |
10"-15" |
|
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Pycnanthemum tenuifolium |
mountain mint |
purple-white |
SM |
D-M |
SU |
1-2' |
2-4 |
|
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Rhexia mariana |
Maryland meadowbeauty |
White, pink |
SM |
W |
SU |
1'-3' |
2-3 |
good for water garden, bog or pond area |
|
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Rhexia virginica |
Virginia meadow beauty |
pink |
SM |
W |
SU |
1'-3' |
2-3 |
native in CC, JC, York Cos. |
|
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Rudbeckia hirta, R.fulgida, R.triloba |
black-eyed Susan, orange coneflower |
Yellow |
SM |
D-M |
SU-PS |
1'-4' |
3-4 |
Deer Resistant |
|
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Rudbeckia laciniata |
green headed coneflower, cutleaf coneflower |
yellow |
SM |
W-M |
SU-PS |
2'-10' |
2-4 |
|
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Ruellia caroliniensis |
wild petunia |
purple, blue |
SM |
M |
SU-PS |
.5'-3' |
4 |
|
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Sanguinaria canadensis |
bloodroot |
white |
E S |
M |
PS-SH |
5"-10" |
4 |
calcareous |
2005 WF |
|
Saururus cernuus |
lizard's tail |
white |
SM |
W |
PS |
1'-4' |
1-2 |
good ground cover, swamps |
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Scutellaria integrifolia |
hyssop skullcap, helmet flower |
blue, pink, white |
SM |
M |
SU |
1-2' |
2-3 |
|
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Sedum ternatum |
wild stonecrop |
white |
S |
D-M, DT |
SU-PS |
6" |
4 |
ground cover, limey soils; Not native to JCC, CC, NK cos |
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Sisyrinchium angustifolium |
blue-eyed grass |
blue |
S-SM |
M |
PS |
6"-18" |
2-4 |
in Iris family |
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Solidago
odora, S.nemoralis, S.sempervirens, S.altissima, S.rugosa |
sweet, gray, seaside, late, wrinkleleaf goldenrod |
yellow |
SM-F |
M-D |
SU-PS |
2-6' |
2-4 |
Deer Resistant |
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Symphyotrichum concolor |
eastern silvery aster |
Violet |
F |
D |
SU |
1'-3’ |
4 |
|
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Symphyotrichum cordifolium,
S. laeve |
aster (blue wood, smooth) |
lavender, violet |
SM-F |
D-M |
SU-SH |
1'-3' |
3-4 |
good for slope |
|
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Symphyotrichum lateriflorum |
calico aster |
white |
F |
M-D |
SU |
2'-3' |
|
Back to Top |
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Symphyotrichum novi-belgii |
New York aster |
violet-blue |
L SM-F |
D-M |
SU |
1-3' |
2-3 |
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Thalictrum pubescens |
meadow rue, king of the meadow |
white |
SM |
M-W |
SU-SH |
1'-6' |
|
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Tiarella cordifolia |
foam flower |
white |
S |
M |
SU-SH |
.5'-1' |
3-4 |
rich woods, moist slopes, calcareous; ground cover; native in JCC |
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Verbena hastata |
blue vervain |
blue |
SM |
M-W |
SU-PS |
2'-4' |
2-3 |
Biennial, native in CC and York cos |
|
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Vernonia noveboracensis |
New York ironweed |
purple |
L SM |
M |
SU |
2-7' |
2-4 |
|
1995 WF |
|
Viola cucullata, V. pedata, V. sororia |
violets (marsh, birdfoot, common blue) |
white - violet |
S |
D-M |
SU-SH |
.5'-1' |
3-4 |
Can become prolific ground cover due to self-sowing |
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Yucca filamentosa |
Adam's needle |
White |
SM |
D, DT |
SU |
2'--6' |
4 |
flowers can rise 10' above foliage, evergreen |
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Zephyranthes atamasco |
Atamasco lily; Jamestown lily |
White |
LS |
M-W |
PS-SU |
.5'-1' |
2-4 |
Tender - grow near large body of water |
2007 WF |
|
Zizia aptera, Z. aurea |
heart-leaf Alexander, golden Alexander |
Yellow |
S |
D-M |
PS |
1-3’ |
2-3 |
Streams & bottomlands, not coastal |
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Back to Top |
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Plants not included on list |
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Claytonia virginica |
Spring beauty |
pink |
E S |
M |
PS |
5" |
|
delicate |
1990 WF |
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Eryngium yuccifolium |
rattlesnake master |
whitish green |
L SM |
D |
|
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generally not coastal |
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Erythronium americanum |
yellow trout-lily |
yellow |
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not native in JCC, CC |
2003 WF |
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Eupatorium maculatum |
spotted Joe-Pye weed |
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generally not coastal |
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Heuchera americana |
alum root |
green, white, pink |
S |
D-M |
SH |
1'-3' |
|
rich woods, not coastal |
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Iris cristata |
dwarf crested iris |
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M-W |
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Jeffersonia diphylla |
American twinleaf |
white |
S |
M |
PS |
1' |
|
not native to eastern VA |
1999 WF |
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Lobelia siphilitica |
great blue lobelia |
|
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M-W |
SU-SH |
1'-5' |
|
generally not coastal |
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Phlox stolonifera |
wild blue phlox |
blue |
|
D-M |
PS |
|
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generally not coastal |
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Phlox subulata ‘Snowflake’ |
moss pink |
White, pink |
S |
D |
SU |
2-6” |
|
generally not coastal; ground cover |
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Trillium grandiflorum |
large-flowered trillium |
White |
LS |
M |
PS |
1'-3' |
|
not native to eastern VA |
1996 WF |